Breaking of organic bonds using extremely hot air in an oxygen deficient environment, and conversion of the organic material into fuel gas (called syn gas, similar to CNG used in cars but consisting of mainly CO and H2) is called gasification. Plasma gasification technology provides an attractive and universal means to treat most types of waste including municipal, nuclear and other solid wastes in an environment friendly manner. Usual low temperature burning has the issues of producing carcinogenic substances like dioxin, furan and other pollutants like NOX and SOX. Poor waste to gas conversion, high ash content in residue, slow process rate and no generation of fuel gas are some of the drawbacks of incineration. Gasification is different from incineration as no pollutant is generated and synthesized gas (syn gas) can be used as fuel for heat/electricity generation. The developed technology of Air Plasma Incinerator adopts a judicious combination of the two in which it does high temperature gasification at the bottom of the primary chamber and allows controlled burning of the produced syn-gas at the top to supply energy required for the process. The technique drastically reduces requirement of external supply of energy and mitigates waste in an environment friendly manner extracting energy from the waste itself. Achieved waste process rate in the developed system is of the order of 1-3 ton per day depending on the type of waste.
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