This plant can process biodegradable waste such as kitchen waste, paper, grass, gobar and dry leaves. It offers “Zero garbage and Zero effluent“ and provides high quality manure and methane gas. Weedfree manure obtained from such waste has high nitrogen contents and acts as an excellent soil conditioner. This plant could be set up for ecofriendly disposal of wet-waste generated in kitchens/canteens of big Hospitals/Hotels/Factories/residential complexes and can avoid health hazards due to dump sites. This technology of biphasic biomethanation has high potential of solving the solid waste management problems of the urban areas and provides organic manure and bio-gas as a fuel.
A large amount of biodegradable waste is generated everyday. It is estimated that about 400-500 gm of biodegradable waste is generated per person per day. In Mumbai about 3000 tonnes of biodegradable waste is generated per day. All this waste is left in dumping grounds. Dumping of the waste at dump sites or in water bodies causes health hazards.
BARC’s NISARG-RUNA plant for solid waste management offers a “Zero garbage, Zero effluent” method for waste management. Two such plants have been installed at BARC and the residential complex, Anushaktinagar, for environmental friendly disposal of the waste generated in kitchens of various canteens in the premises.
A conventional plant can handle only gobar & / or human waste. NISARG-RUNA plant can process almost any biodegradable waste including kitchen waste, paper, grass, gobar, dry leaves etc. There is a good potential for energy generaton in this biphasic biomethanation plant.
A substantial portion of our biodegradable waste is food waste (38-40%) which is used to generate methane. This methane gas can be used as fuel for domestic purposes or in vehicles. The vegetable waste and paper waste yield manure. Manure obtained from such waste has high nitrogen contents. This manure acts as an excellent soil conditioner. The plant returns as organic manure that is 10% of the total waste processed. The carbon to nitrogen ratio of this manure is 12:1 (similar to fertile land). It has phosphorous, potassium, iron and magnesium in small quantities. It is weedfree and does not have any offensive smell.
NISARG-RUNA pays back Nature’s loan, in the form in which the Nature will appreciate.
This plant can process biodegradable waste such as kitchen waste, paper, grass, gobar and dry leaves. It offers “Zero garbage and Zero effluent“ and provides high quality manure and methane gas. Weedfree manure obtained from such waste has high nitrogen contents and acts as an excellent soil conditioner. This plant could be set up for ecofriendly disposal of wet-waste generated in kitchens/canteens of big Hospitals/Hotels/Factories/residential complexes and can avoid health hazards due to dump sites. This technology of biphasic biomethanation has high potential of solving the solid waste management problems of the urban areas and provides organic manure and bio-gas as a fuel.
INTRODUCTION
Waste disposal is one of the major problems being faced by all nations across the world. City like Mumbai generates 7000-10,000 tones waste per day and proper disposal is essential to prevent pollution and maintain esthetics.
Out of this waste, glass, metals, some plastic and paper can be recycled. The biodegradable waste should be processed properly to maintain natural balance of essential elements in the environment.
Disposal of biodegradable waste resource can be achieved by several means like incineration, landfills, dumping in the dumping yards, composting etc. These methods have their own hazards. Incineration can lead to respiratory illnesses. Moreover, it may lead to disruption of biogeochemical cycles of several elements and will have long term effects on biosphere. Vermiculture has been used in recent past in urban area, however, it has limitations of space. One of the economic ways would be to install community based biogas plants for processing.
NISARGRUNA PROCESS
The waste resources which can be processed using Nisargruna Biogas plant include biodegradable kitchen waste, paper waste, green grass, leaf litter, animal remains in abattoirs, hospital waste, green plant waste, cow dung, crop residues, sugarcane, baggase, water hyacinth, etc.
The waste is first segregated carefully to remove non-biodegradable material and then homogenized to make a slurry. It is then processed in a sequential manner first by aerobic and then by anaerobic process. The products of the process are biogas consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and water vapor & weed free good quality manure. About 70% of Water can be recycled at the end of the process.
ADVANTAGES
Nisargruna Bio Gas Plant would serve many purposes such as:-
Environment friendly disposal of waste, which is the need of the hour.
Generation of fairly good amount of fuel biogas, which will definitely support the dwindling energy resources. The gas can be used for as fuel in the kitchen or for power generation.
Generation of high quality, weed free manure, which is an excellent soil conditioner. This is very important for replenishing organic carbon in the undernourished soil after years of agriculture.
APPLICATIONS
The Bio gas plants are useful for Municipal Corporations, Hospitals, Hotels, Housing Societies, Govt. Establishments, Abattoirs, Nagar Palika, Grampanchayat, Farmers. At present, 160 Nisargruna plants are functional in the country.
INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRED
The following infrastructures is required for set-up a 1 tonne/day capacity Bio gas plant:-
